Performance-oriented Cloud Provisioning: Taxonomy and Survey

Cloud computing is being viewed as the technology of today and the future. Through this paradigm, the customers gain access to shared computing resources located in remote data centers that are hosted by cloud providers (CP). This technology allows for provisioning of various resources such as virtual machines (VM), physical machines, processors, memory, network, storage and software as per the needs of customers. Application providers (AP), who are customers of the CP, deploy applications on the cloud infrastructure and then these applications are used by the end-users. To meet the fluctuating application workload demands, dynamic provisioning is essential and this article provides a detailed literature survey of dynamic provisioning within cloud systems with focus on application performance. The well-known types of provisioning and the associated problems are clearly and pictorially explained and the provisioning terminology is clarified. A very detailed and general cloud provisioning classification is presented, which views provisioning from different perspectives, aiding in understanding the process inside-out. Cloud dynamic provisioning is explained by considering resources, stakeholders, techniques, technologies, algorithms, problems, goals and more.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, 3 table

Optimal iron content in ready-to-use therapeutic foods for the treatment of severe acute malnutrition in the community settings: A protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: The current standard of care for children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) involves using ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) to promote growth; however, the precise formulation to achieve optimal recovery remains unclear. Emerging research suggests that alternative RUTF formulations may be more effective in correcting SAM-related complications such as anaemia and iron deficiency. This systematic review commissioned by the WHO aims to synthesise the most recent research on the iron content in RUTF and related products in the community-based treatment of uncomplicated severe malnutrition in children aged 6 months and older. Methods and analysis: We will search multiple electronic databases. We will include randomised controlled trials and non-randomised studies with a control arm. The intervention group will be infants who received RUTF treatments other than the current recommended guidelines set forth by the WHO. The comparison group is children receiving RUTF containing iron at the current WHO-recommended level of 1.9 mg/100 kcal (10-14 mg/100 g). The primary outcomes of interest include blood haemoglobin concentration, any anaemia, severe anaemia, iron-deficiency anaemia, recovery from SAM and any adverse outcomes. We will use meta-analysis to pool findings if sufficient homogeneity exists among included studies. The risk of bias in studies will be evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias-2. We will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation(GRADE) approach to examine the overall certainty of evidence. Ethics and dissemination: This is a systematic review and will not involve direct contact with human subjects. The findings of this review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will guide the WHO\u27s recommendation on the optimal iron content in RUTFs for the treatment of SAM in children aged 6-59 month

Seasonally resolved ice core records from West Antarctica indicate a sea ice source of sea-salt aerosol and a biomass burning source of ammonium

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2014. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 119 (2014): 9168–9182, doi:10.1002/2013JD020720.The sources and transport pathways of aerosol species in Antarctica remain uncertain, partly due to limited seasonally resolved data from the harsh environment. Here, we examine the seasonal cycles of major ions in three high-accumulation West Antarctic ice cores for new information regarding the origin of aerosol species. A new method for continuous acidity measurement in ice cores is exploited to provide a comprehensive, charge-balance approach to assessing the major non-sea-salt (nss) species. The average nss-anion composition is 41% sulfate (SO42−), 36% nitrate (NO3−), 15% excess-chloride (ExCl−), and 8% methanesulfonic acid (MSA). Approximately 2% of the acid-anion content is neutralized by ammonium (NH4+), and the remainder is balanced by the acidity (Acy ≈ H+ − HCO3−). The annual cycle of NO3− shows a primary peak in summer and a secondary peak in late winter/spring that are consistent with previous air and snow studies in Antarctica. The origin of these peaks remains uncertain, however, and is an area of active research. A high correlation between NH4+ and black carbon (BC) suggests that a major source of NH4+ is midlatitude biomass burning rather than marine biomass decay, as previously assumed. The annual peak in excess chloride (ExCl−) coincides with the late-winter maximum in sea ice extent. Wintertime ExCl− is correlated with offshore sea ice concentrations and inversely correlated with temperature from nearby Byrd station. These observations suggest that the winter peak in ExCl− is an expression of fractionated sea-salt aerosol and that sea ice is therefore a major source of sea-salt aerosol in the region.This work was supported by grants from the NSF Antarctic Program (0632031 and 1142166), NSF-MRI (1126217), the NASA Cryosphere Program (NNX10AP09G), and by an award from the Department of Energy Office of Science Graduate Fellowship Program (DOE SCGF) to ASC.2015-01-2

Práticas pedagógicas e a formação humana no ensino médio integrado

Ronaldo Marcos de Lima Araujo is a scholarship holder of Productivity on Research of the National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq). He is a Pedagogue, master in History and Philosophy of Education (PUC-SP), Doctor in Education (UFMG) and Post-Doctor (UERJ). He is an Associate Professor at the Sciences of Education Institute at the Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), working as a professor of undergraduate and postgraduate education in master’s and doctoral courses. He is coordinator of the Group of Study and Research on Work and Education at UFPA. He maintains regular bibliographic production focused, mainly, in the area of Work and Education and, in particular, to high school and professional education. He currently coordinates the Program of Post- Graduation in Curriculum and Management of the Basic School. In this interview, he discusses the need to develop emancipatory pedagogical practices, i.e. to enable young people to interpret and intervene in reality. The researcher considers that, in Professional Education, the teaching of the Human Sciences is not only a right, but also a need to put into practice a project of wide human formation and which goes beyond the labor training for the market. Specifically related to the teaching of History, professor Ronaldo highlights that, its relevance is in the fact that this teaching is strategic for the young to know the historicity of the phenomena and technologies in the society in which it appears.Ronaldo Marcos de Lima Araujo é bolsista de Produtividade em Pesquisa do CNPq. Pedagogo, mestre em História e Filosofia da Educação (PUC-SP), doutor em Educação (UFMG) e pós-doutor (UERJ). É Professor Associado do Instituto de Ciências da Educação da UFPA, atuando como professor da graduação e da pós-graduação nos cursos de mestrado e doutorado. É coordenador do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Trabalho e Educação, na UFPA. Mantém produção bibliográfica regular voltada sobretudo à área de Trabalho e Educação e, em particular, ao ensino médio e à educação profissional. Atualmente coordena o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Currículo e Gestão da Escola Básica. Nesta entrevista, ele discute a necessidade de desenvolvermos práticas pedagógicas emancipatórias, ou seja, que permitam aos jovens a interpretação e a intervenção na realidade. Considera o pesquisador que, na Educação Profissional, o ensino das Ciências Humanas não é apenas um direito, mas também uma necessidade para que se ponha em prática um projeto de formação humana ampla e que vá além da formação de mão de obra para o mercado. Especificamente no tocante ao ensino de História, o professor Ronaldo destaca que a sua relevância está no fato de esse ensino ser estratégico para que o jovem conheça a historicidade dos fenômenos e das tecnologias na sociedade em que está inserido

A escola para o jovem: representações de alunos em situação de distorção idade-série no município de Areia Branca-RN

This study aims to examine how adolescents in age-grade and social vulnerability, students of a public school in the municipality of Areia Branca-RN, realize the educational institution where they live. The approach of the Social Representation Theory (SRT) for the theoretical foundation was adopted. Eight students from the 4th grade of elementary school were selected with age between 11 and 13 years. The methodology consisted of interviews, the application of Free Association of Technical Words (TALP) and the production of drawings by students. It was noted that, despite all the difficulties, the students have researched the school as an element of transformation and represent it as a fundamental element to develop as a person. It was also observed that before so many disagreements these young people still design a future full of dreams and desiresEste estudo visa analisar como jovens em situação de distorção idade-série e de vulnerabilidade social, alunos de uma escola pública, situada no município de Areia Branca-RN, percebem a instituição escolar em que estão inseridos. Foi adotada a abordagem da Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) para a fundamentação teórica. Foram selecionados oito alunos do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental, com a idade entre 11 e 13 anos. A metodologia constou de entrevistas, da aplicação da Técnica de Associação Livre de Palavras (TALP) e da elaboração de desenhos pelos alunos. Foi notado que, apesar de todas as dificuldades, os alunos pesquisados têm a escola como um elemento de transformação e a representam como um elemento fundamental para se desenvolver como pessoa. Também foi observado que diante de tantos desencontros esses jovens ainda projetam um futuro cheio de sonhos e desejo

Propofol-Induced Frontal Cortex Disconnection: A Study of Resting-State Networks, Total Brain Connectivity, and Mean BOLD Signal Oscillation Frequencies.

Propofol is one of the most commonly used anesthetics in the world, but much remains unknown about the mechanisms by which it induces loss of consciousness. In this resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we examined qualitative and quantitative changes of resting-state networks (RSNs), total brain connectivity, and mean oscillation frequencies of the regional blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal, associated with propofol-induced mild sedation and loss of responsiveness in healthy subjects. We found that detectability of RSNs diminished significantly with loss of responsiveness, and total brain connectivity decreased strongly in the frontal cortex, which was associated with increased mean oscillation frequencies of the BOLD signal. Our results suggest a pivotal role of the frontal cortex in propofol-induced loss of responsiveness